Are Teachers Unions Blocking Education Reform in Olympia?
The debate over education reform has, ironically, been dumbed down to a kindergarten level. The new wave of reformers uses black and white sound bites to demonize teachers and teachers unions, while the unions shoot back that everything would be fine if states would just raise education budgets.
Last week, the state senate passed an education reform bill that prioritizes teacher evaluations over seniority. The bill’s fate is now with the house and the governor. With the national debate as context, we asked one of the bill’s supporters, Washington Roundtable president Steve Mullin, and one of its opponents, longtime Snohomish high school English teacher and union leader Justin Fox-Bailey, to weigh in.

This ought to be a no-brainer: School districts should be allowed to keep their best teachers.
School districts across our state face the reality of needing to lay off as many as 1,500 teachers, but most do not have the option of retaining teachers based on their performance in the classroom. In fact, if forced to choose, a district will lay off a local teacher of the year in order to keep a more senior teacher who is significantly less effective. When virtually every education study underscores the impact excellent teachers have on students, Washington state retains a system that pink-slips its best and brightest.
As a parent with a 7th grader in the Seattle Public Schools, I can’t tell you how frustrating this is. A study of 1,717 teachers laid off in Washington over the past two years, conducted by the Center for Education Data and Research at the University of Washington, found that students with teachers retained based only on seniority lose two to three months of learning time compared to students with teachers retained based on effectiveness.
Perhaps even more alarming, retaining teachers based solely on seniority disproportionately affects poor and minority students, as such students typically attend schools where the youngest teachers are commonly assigned. Seniority-based retention policies contribute directly to Washington’s growing achievement gap.
This legislative session, the Washington Roundtable, along with a broad coalition of education advocates, has been working to address this problem. And we have overwhelming support from the voters of Washington State. According to a January 2011 poll conducted by Partnership for Learning, 81 percent of voters believe that “if a district is facing layoffs, teachers should be retained based on their performance in raising student achievement, not how many years they have been teaching.” We strongly support legislation proposed by Democratic state Sen. Rodney Tom from Bellevue and Republican state Sen. Joseph Zarelli from Ridgefield, HB 1443, which offers a regimen of straightforward fixes to prioritize and reward excellent teachers.
In these challenging economic times, schools must place a laser-like focus on putting their very best teachers in front of students every day. But many are often surprised to find out that principals have little control over which teachers are placed in their schools. That’s why we’ve also urged lawmakers to institute “mutual agreement hiring”—meaning that a principal must agree to the assignment of teacher to his or her school. Unsurprisingly, 89 percent of voters support this policy.
Finally, it’s time to recognize and reward our state’s most effective teachers through a performance-based salary system. Washington must move toward a system of compensation for teachers that recognizes excellence, as opposed to degrees — which research suggests has little effect on teacher effectiveness and student learning — or years of service.
This past week, Democrats and Republicans in Washington’s senate came together and took a significant step forward by passing HB 1443.They should be congratulated for their efforts, and I urge the House of Representatives and the governor to follow their lead.
Change is never easy, but as schools face the prospect of what U.S. Education Secretary Arne Duncan has characterized as “The New Normal” of doing more with less, the time has come to implement commonsense policies like retaining and rewarding our best teachers. Such efforts will ensure our schools are well-equipped to meet the challenges of today and prepare our students for the opportunities of tomorrow. Time is short. The house and the governor should move quickly to approve these forward-looking and sensible reforms passed by the senate.

As a public school teacher, a parent, and a union leader, I believe that every child in our state deserves the best possible public education. I am proud of the work educators are doing to strengthen Washington’s public schools. But I am worried that well-meaning but misguided politicians in Olympia and other non-educators are supporting legislation that will wreck that work.
Last year the state Legislature passed Senate Bill 6696, authorizing a complete reworking of the evaluation system for both teachers and principals. Educators helped craft the bill, and we agreed to create new evaluation models based on research and best practices. Snohomish, where I live and teach, is one of 17 school districts piloting more rigorous teacher evaluation systems.
Now, barely a year later, the legislature is again looking at teacher and principal evaluations with ESHB 1443. This time, though, they’re doing so without consulting the professionals involved, without heeding the recommendations of their own pilot projects, and without regard to what research says will improve student learning. This bill undermines our work, and it imposes a statewide, top-down approach to school staffing.
In Snohomish, administrators and teachers came together eight years ago in mutual recognition that the way we were evaluating teachers wasn’t doing what we wanted it to do: help students and teachers learn and grow so that we could all reach high levels of achievement. No one from the Legislature was interested at that time in making those improvements. No top-down directive mandated that we make a change.
We initiated the change because we made the local choice to look at our work and identify where and what we needed to improve. Then we worked to build a better way. We developed a richer, more rigorous and more effective process to evaluate teacher performance.
Now, 1443 threatens to destroy school districts’ ability to make local decisions about teacher evaluations and school staffing policies. Instead of letting Snohomish or Seattle develop the best policies for their students, this bill imposes a top-down mandate from Olympia. The backers of 1443 don’t want to spend the time, or the money, to do what we know has to be done to actually improve our kids’ education. Often what passes for reform is naively looking for a silver bullet: if only we got rid of the bad teachers, or gave the principals more control, or instituted merit pay, or whatever, then our public schools would be fixed.
This is simplistic and will only waste time and money. The current Senate budget proposal cuts $2 billion from our kids’ classrooms; that is roughly $2,000 per student. That’s the real challenge facing our public schools—the lack of adequate resources. Let those who actually understand teaching and learning, those who do the work on a daily basis, develop solid models based upon local collaboration. Only then will we have sustainable change to make sure we continue to provide students with the best possible education.


April Putney
Sally Bagshaw
Liv Finne
State Rep. Reuven Carlyle
Lew McMurran
Phil Bussey
Toby Crittenden
Sandeep Kaushik
State Rep. Deb Eddy
Pramila Jayapal
John Carlson
David Freiboth
Lisa Stone
Geologic
Louise Chernin
Paul Guppy
David Rolf
David Meinert
PubliCola ThinkTank
Your Comments